The IOGP membership includes companies operating in the upstream oil and gas industry whereas the IPIECA membership includes companies operating both upstream and downstream. Therefore the scope of the health performance indicators data presented in this report is different to the scope of data presented in other reports within the IOGP data series. The health performance indicators are leading indicators. The process involves a self-assessment of the company’s performance in relation to standardised statements about the level of implementation of the company’s own health management systems. The participating companies perform this self-assessment on the scope of their operational activities therefore there is no separation between upstream and downstream operations. The scope of the health performance indicators reporting also includes data provided by associate member contracting companies that have chosen to participate.